Friday, September 26, 2008

Sept. 26

Homework: POST ON YOUR BLOGS The following links to a synopsis of Shakespeare's Othello. Please read Carefully and do the following: Sort by Acts and Scenes:

Characters:
Roderigo: a gentleman who has been courting Desdemona and who is upset that she eloped with Othello.


Iago: a soldier under Othello’s command. He hates the Moor because of Michael Cassio.

Desdemona: the daughter of Brabantio, Roderigo has been courting her and eloped with Othello.

Othello: a great Moorish warrior who is now the general in the service of the ruler of Venice.

Michael Cassio: a soldier but was promoted to lieutenant instead of Iago. He is an old and beloved friend of Othello.

Brabantio: the father of Desdemona.

Duke: The official authority.

Montono: the Venetian governor.

Emilia: Iago’s wife who came to Cyprus to look after Desdemona.

Clown: a servant to Othello.

Bianca: Cassio’s lover.

Lodovico: Desdemona’s kinsman.


Act I, Scene I
Setting: The play opens a warm Venetian night where Roderigo and Iago were having a conversation. Then it moves to Brabantio’s property (His window, below his window, Desdemona’s room and the street).

Exposition: (Act I, Scene I) The play opens a warm Venetian night. There is a conversation underway between Roderigo and Iago. Iago reveals that he only remains on Othello’s service to facilitate his plans on revenge.

Act I, Scene II
Setting: The scene opens on a Venetian street where Iago has joined Othello and his attendants. Then Brabantio, Roderigo enters and Brabantio lashes out at Othello.

Act I, Scene III
Setting: The Council Chamber where the Duke and his senators gather.

Act II, Scene I
Setting: In Cyprus in a seaport where Montono, and his friends discuss a tempest that might destroy the Turkish Fleet. Iago, Desdemona, Roderido, and Iago’s wife landed on the ship.

Act II, Scene II
Setting: On a street in Cyprus a messenger announced the great victory feast and party that Othello planned.

Act II, Scene III
Setting: The great hall of the castle where Othello, Desdemona and Cassio speak briefly about lago. Iago and Cassio partake in a glass of wine. Roderigo and Cassio get into sword fight. Cassio gets dismissed for duty. Iago tells Cassio to talk to Desdoemona to restore friendship.

Act III, Scene I
Setting: Outside the castle where Cassio gathers some musicians in hopes of putting Othello in a good mood. Outside Desdemona’s chamber where Cassio asked Emilia to grant him access to visit Desdemona.

Act III, Scene II
Setting: Othello plans to inspect some parts of the fortifications that were build by his troops.

Rising Action: (Act I, Scene I - Act III, Scene II) Iago reveals his plans on revenge on Othello. He plans Cassio to lose his position as lieutenant and to breakup Othello and Desdemona. By making it seem like Desdemona is unfaithful.

Act III, Scene III
Setting: The garden of the castle where Cassio asks Desdemona to speak to Othello and convince him that he is still trustworthy solider and friend.

Climax: (Act III, Scene III) Iago’s plan comes to effect. Othello returns to the castle and Iago states the Cassio just parted from his wife. Iago starts to fill Othello with lies that Cassio’s ulterior motive has long been to have an affair with Desdemona. He heard Desdemona profess her love to Cassio and he has seen Cassio with Desdemona’s handkerchief. Iago also fills his head with insecurities like reminding Othello that Cassio is younger, more handsome and that he is a white Venetian citizen. Othello chooses the words of Iago over his trust in his wife. Othello kneels before Iago and takes a vow of revenge.

Act III, Scene IV
Setting: In front of the castle where Desdemona and Emilia meet the Clown.

Act IV, Scene I
Setting: On the grounds of the castle where Iago and Othello continue their discussion of Desdemona’s adultery.

Act IV, Scene II
Setting: A room of the castle where Othello questions Emilia about her knowledge of Desdemona’s affair.

Act IV, Scene III
Setting: In another room where Othello is with Desdemona, Emillia and Lodovico.

Act V, Scene I
Setting: Out on the street where Iago positions Roderigo to ambush Cassio.

Act V, Scene II
Setting: Desdemona’s Bedchamber in the castle.

Falling Action: (Act V, Scene II) Othello realizes that Iago has mad false statements and has made him kill his wife.

Resolution: (Act V, Scene II) Othello stabs Iago only to wound him. Othello stabs himself and dies next to Desdemona.

Conflicts: Many of the conflicts were Man vs. Man
Iago vs. Othello
Iago vs. Cassio
Brabantio vs. Othello

Thursday, September 25, 2008

Wednesday, September 24, 2008

Sept. 24

Objective:Students will use various search engines to conduct historical background on the Moors. In doing so, students will better understand the cultural as well as the social context of Shakespeare’s Othello.

Aim: What is the cultural as well as the social context of Shakespeare’s othello?
Please post on your Blog Page.
Do Now: In yesterday’s lesson, we created a scene. If you had to select an actor to play one of the characters (protagonist/antagonist) who would you choose and why?

Who were the Moors?
- Moors are Muslim who are of Berber and Arabs descent
http://www.answers.com/Moors
Who were the Venetians?
-They were wealthy and powerful people, during the late 1500's and early 1600's
http://shs.westport.k12.ct.us/jwb/Collab/Othello/othrsrchrslt.htm
What was the military duty of ranked officers?
-The general and the lieutenant.
http://shs.westport.k12.ct.us/jwb/Collab/Othello/othrsrchrslt.htm
What was the military hierarchy?
- The aristocratic class is the wealthiest and most powerful individuals. The cavalry members were quite wealthy. They supplied chariots, horses and were commanders of small units.
The hoplite soldiers were third class members. The lowest class was the generals and commanders.
http://www-adm.pdx.edu/user/sinq/greekciv2/sport/army/seanh3.htm
What was the role of women?
-Women were mostly silent. They don't speak much about their opinions, especially in public. Noble women had easier lives. While poor women had to work hard to keep their husbands and families happy.
http://shs.westport.k12.ct.us/jwb/Collab/Othello/othrsrchrslt.htm
What was expected of a daughter?
-Daughters were seen as property that was controlled by their fathers. They were expected to obey father's wishes and to marry at 13. They were expected to protect their virginity until marriage.
http://shs.westport.k12.ct.us/jwb/Collab/Othello/othrsrchrslt.htm
What was expected of a bride?
-The woman are expected to give birth to 2 boys and be loyal to her husband.
http://shs.westport.k12.ct.us/jwb/Collab/Othello/othrsrchrslt.htm
What relationships between men and women were considered beyond reproach?
-
What rules for getting married existed at the time of the play?
-The brides's family must agree on how much money is being offered. They must be from equal social class. There must be publicly declare the wedding and there must be a witnesses. The couple must consummate the marriage.
http://shs.westport.k12.ct.us/jwb/Collab/Othello/othrsrchrslt.htm
Who was the most famous Moor?
-Othello
http://www.answers.com/
What were the rules of courtship?
-Courtships were held by two major forms. One was parents and friend were the matchmakers.
Two was handled for the part by the parties involved. An example will be that a man attracted to a woman would ask her family for permission.
http://shs.westport.k12.ct.us/jwb/Collab/Othello/othrsrchrslt.htm
When conducting your research please use .org or .edu websites. Don’t forget to cite your sources.


Homework:
Post the following on your Blogs:

What rules dictate the behavior of men and women in relationships today?
-The rules in relationships will be to be loyal to each other, respect each and to care for each other.
Name a situation in which the rules have been clearly violated?
-When the people in the relationship feels when the relationship is going the other way.
That is, what are things “nice girls” or “nice boys” just don’t do?
-They don't break the rules.
Why do these rules exist?
-Rules exist to control the people so they would be out of control.
Do you think they apply locally or even just at your school?
-I think they apply locally and even in school.
What are the possible consequences of breaking these rules?
Do you know if these rules are applicable to other cultures or are they totally different?
-I think it can apply to other cultures.

Think of scenes from ANY show/movie that adheres to these rules as well as shows/movies that violates these rules.
-Like in Lipstick Jungle when a girl goes to a club with a fake ID. She was suppost to be at a friends house.

Sept. 23

Aim: What are some of the major elements of drama?
Do Now: What comes to mind when you hear the word drama?
-Plays, children, ch.11
-Actors
-Performers
-Mimics Life
-Dialogues
-Comedy and Tragedy
-Conflicts
-Relationships
-Crimes and Love

Let’s Brainstorm.
What is a play?
-A type of literature that is mainly written by a playwright.
What is involved in a play?
-Actors, conflict, setting, script, and costumes.
Where was Shakespeare’s plays staged?
-The Globe Theater
Who did he write his plays for?
-For the Queen
Who was his audience?
-All the people
Who were the actors/resses?
-The men
How were the characters dressed?
-The characters they played
How did they speak?
-English
Can we plot a play? Exposition, Rising Action, Climax, Falling Action, Resolution.
-yes
What do you think was the cultural background of the actors/resses? Any people of color?
-No, they were white.
How many of Shakespeare’s plays have you read or know about?
-Romero and Juliet
Have you ever seen an On/Off Broadway play?
-yes
Do you like plays? Why or Why not?
-I like plays because the customs they have, the way they amuse you, the singing and over all they entertain you.

Cooperative Learning:
Okay from what you already know, and learned now tell me if you had to put on a play what kind of play would it be, and what would be involved in putting on your play?
Here is a topic: that you can work on “if you see something say something” Now if this was the name of your play what monologue/dialogue would you expect or write for this play?

“If you see something say something”
Marya: "Hey guys take a look at the creepy man in the train."
Stephanie: "Oh my gosh, that's a huge coat he's wearing on a hot summer day."
Juanita: "Ha Ha Ha Ha"
Nahida: "Hey guys why is he looking at us.''
Stephanie: " Maybe we should go before something happens."
Marya: " Yea maybe we should."
Juanita: " I think he's following us, maybe we should run."
Nahida: "No because then we are going to look like crazy people. Let's juts tell someone because we saw something."

Tuesday, September 23, 2008

Elements of drama

Catharsis- The purging of the feelings of pity and fear that, according to Aristotle, occur in the audience of tragic drama. The audience experiences catharsis at the end of the play, following the catastrophe.

Character- An imaginary person that inhabits a literary work. Literary characters may be major or minor, static (unchanging) or dynamic (capable of change).

Climax- The turning point of the action in the plot of a play or story. The climax represents the point of greatest tension in the work.

Conflict- A struggle between opposing forces in a story or play, usually resolved by the end of the work. The conflict may occur within a character as well as between characters.

Denouement- The resolution of the plot of a literary work.

Dialogue- The conversation of characters in a literary work. In fiction, dialogue is typically enclosed within quotation marks. In plays, characters' speech is preceded by their names.

Diction- The selection of words in a literary work. A work's diction forms one of its centrally important literary elements, as writers use words to convey action, reveal character, imply attitudes, identify themes, and suggest values.

Dramatic monologue- A type of poem in which a speaker addresses a silent listener. As readers, we overhear the speaker in a dramatic monologue.

Dramatis personae- Latin for the characters or persons in a play.

Exposition- The first stage of a fictional or dramatic plot, in which necessary background information is provided.

Falling action- In the plot of a story or play, the action following the climax of the work that moves it towards its denouement or resolution.

Monologue- A speech by a single character without another character's response.

Narrator- The voice and implied speaker of a fictional work, to be distinguished from the actual living author.

Parody- A humorous, mocking imitation of a literary work, sometimes sarcastic, but often playful and even respectful in its playful imitation.

Pathos- A quality of a play's action that stimulates the audience to feel pity for a character. Pathos is always an aspect of tragedy, and may be present in comedy as well.

Plot- The unified structure of incidents in a literary work.

Point of View- The angle of vision from which a story is narrated. A work's point of view can be: first person, in which the narrator is a character or an observer, respectively; objective, in which the narrator knows or appears to know no more than the reader; omniscient, in which the narrator knows everything about the characters; and limited omniscient, which allows the narrator to know some things about the characters but not everything.

Rising Action- A set of conflicts and crises that constitute the part of a play's or story's plot leading up to the climax.

Soliloquy- A speech in a play that is meant to be heard by the audience but not by other characters on the stage. If there are no other characters present, the soliloquy represents the character thinking aloud.

Stage Direction- A playwright's descriptive or interpretive comments that provide readers (and actors) with information about the dialogue, setting, and action of a play. Modern playwrights, including Ibsen, Shaw, Miller, and Williams tend to include substantial stage directions, while earlier playwrights typically used them more sparsely, implicitly, or not at all.

Media Res- The narrative starts in the middle of the story instead of from its beginning. The characters, setting, and conflict are often introduced through a series of flashbacks or through characters relating past events to each other.

Tragic Flaw- A weakness or limitation of character, resulting in the fall of the tragic hero

Friday, September 19, 2008

Sept.17

We have read the following poems Shakespearean sonnets:
Sonnet XVIII, Sonnet 29, 116, and 130 (audio)

Do Now: Recall Shakespeare’s poems above and write a brief commentary on the
portrayal of women in the Renaissance. You can look at the images and think about whether they seem idealized or realistic.
-I think that it is idealized because they are wearing to much makeup and there to dress up.The wealth people will be able to dress that way and not everyone will be able to dear that way.

How does the portrayal of women in the paintings of the period compare with the portrayal of women today such as Tyra Banks, Lindsay Lohan, Queen Latifah, Jesse Randhawa, Marilyn Monroe, Jane Seymour?
-The woman in the paintings are more conservative then the women of today. The women today wear less clothing. The Renaissance women are dressed up more with more clothing and doesn't show legs.

Sept.16

Aim: How is the Shakespearean Sonnet different from the Petrarchan Sonnet
Do Now: How would you describe your approach to romance when compared to your friends?

My approach to romance is much different compared to my friends. My friends are more out there and they want to be in a relationship and I am not thinking about that.

Teacher Read Aloud: Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Sonnet 43
XLIII. "How do I love thee? Let me count the ways..."

by Elizabeth Barrett Browning (1806-1861)

How do I love thee? Let me count the ways.

I love thee to the depth and breadth and height
My soul can reach, when feeling out of sight
For the ends of Being and ideal Grace.
I love thee to the level of everyday's
Most quiet need, by sun and candle-light.
I love thee freely, as men strive for Right;
I love thee purely, as they turn from Praise.
I love thee with a passion put to use
In my old griefs, and with my childhood's faith.
I love thee with a love I seemed to lose
With my lost saints, --- I love thee with the breath,
Smiles, tears, of all my life! --- and, if God choose,
I shall but love thee better after death.

Comprehension Check:
What question does the speaker of “Sonnet 43” prose and answer?

-How the speakers loves it's beloved.
What is your impression of the romantic relationship described in this sonnet?

-The speaker loves the person so much.
Do you think it is desirable to love or be loved in this way?

-I think it is desirable to be loved in this way.
Literary Analysis:
What symbols are evident in this poem?

-The speaker loves the person.
Critical thinking:
Do you think it is wrong to love some so intensely?

- I think it is not wrong to love someone so intensely but at somepoint it will get a litle freaky.
Share out!

Sept.11-15

Aim: Renaissance sonnets often focus on the great beauty of the beloved. How important is physical beauty or attractiveness in today’s society?
Do Now: What do you think makes you beautiful?
I think what makes me beautiful will be my personality, the way I act toward people and when I help people.

Sonnet 130
Comprehension check:
Is the speaker’s mistress dark or fair?
-Fair
Do the flaws pointed out by the speaker affect his love for the woman described?
-no
Think Critically:
What do you think is the speaker’s attitude toward the woman he loves?
-The speaker loves the woman no matter her flaws because their love is rare.
Think about: his descriptions of her physical characteristics, his descriptions of her voice, his conclusion in the couplet.
What do you think might have been Shakespeare’s purpose in writing this sonnet?
-Shakespeare's purpose in writing this sonnet was probably was to tell the truth about the woman and even through she has flaws he loves her.
Does this poem present a realistic or idealized portrait of the beloved?
-I think that it's idealized portrait because no one will have that many flaws.

Mini Lesson:
Figurative Language is language that conveys meaning beyond the literal meanings of words. Similes and metaphors are types of figurative language. Simile uses the word like or as to make comparisons. A metaphor makes a comparison without using like or as.

Literary Analysis: find a simile and metaphor in Sonnet 130
-Line 1 is a simile. Line 2 and 4 are metaphors.

Sept.10

Aim: How can Shakespeare's sonnet 116 relates to our personal lives?
Do Now: Write about a time when a best friend's personal flaws got in the way of your friendship. Or, have you ever stopped seeing/loving someone (friend, girlfriend, boyfriend, family, etc.) because of a personal flaw?
- I had a friend that had a bad flaw. She can be the sweetest person in the world, but sometimes she had the biggest mouth. When someone got her mad or got on her bad side she will tell people their secrets or even make rumors about them.


Sonnet 116
Write a brief paragraph on what you think is the meaning of the poem.
-I think that the sonnet is about a person that may have many flaws. The speaker will bear it and will not stop loving the person.
Think about two questions that you would like to discuss about this poem and write it in your journal/notebook
1.What do you think Line 11 means?
2.Why do you think the speaker write this sonnet?


Cooperative Learning:
Thematic: What is the overall Theme of this sonnet? Cite supporting lines from the sonnet
-The overall theme will be that love should last forever.
Literary Analysis: Look carefully at lines 5-8 notice any metaphors?
-There is a metaphor on line 7.

Think About: What kind of person might the speaker be? The likely age of such a person. The experiences that such a person might have had.
-The speaker might be a person who has experience
a life time of love and may know what true love is.
Do you think the speaker’s concept of love is realistic? Why or Why not?
-I think the speakers concept of love is realistic because he knows no matter if that person had flaws he love the person forever.

Connect: What is the ONE flaw that could turn you away from a person? What do you think you can do to overlook this flaw (if you are willing)?
- One flaw that turn me away is if the person talks about themselves to much. I can always try to change the subject.

Mechanics: Scan this sonnet -----/-----/ with stress and unstressed


Sept.8-9

Do Now: What are the two most important things that you know about Shakespeare and the period?
-Age of Renaissance
-Elizabethan Era (Golden Age)

Analyze and identify a Shakespearean Sonnet
Read
Sonnet 29 print out the poem or copy and paste it in a word document, then illustrate/write the rhyme scheme at the end of each line.

When in disgrace with fortune and men's eyes, a
I all alone beweep my outcast state, b
And trouble deaf Heaven with my bootless cries, a
And look upon myself, and curse my fate, b
Wishing me like to one more rich in hope, c
Featur'd like him, like him with friends possess'd, d
Desiring this man's art, and that man's scope, c
With what I most enjoy contented least: d
Yet in these thoughts myself almost despising, e
Haply I think on thee,--and then my state f
(Like to the lark at break of day arising e
From sullen earth) sings hymns at heaven's gate; f
For thy sweet love remember'd such wealth brings g
That then I scorn to change my state with kings'. g

Write a brief paragraph on what you think is the meaning of the poem.
-I think that the poem is about a man that feels he is an outcast. he feels because of the title that may be attracted to his name and when he feels that way all he does is think about his beloved.

Think about two questions that you would like to discuss about this poem and write it in your journal/notebook.
Now pass your journals around your table and have your peers answer the questions.
1)What do you think line 3 means?
-I think that it means he crying out to God in the heavens and since he fells alone and unanswered he think God is ignoring him.
2)What do you think line 14 means?
-Mainly I think it saying since he has fortune and is wealthy. He is marked as forever as in the noble class in which he can't change.

Cooperative Learning:
Thematic Question
:

What is the overall theme of this sonnet? Cite supporting lines from the sonnet
-It is state in mind. The Way he thinks of himself. He feels like an outcast as stated in line 2. But when he thinks about it as stated in line 1.
Is this a Love Poem or Self Pity Poem? Cite supporting lines from the sonnet
-I think it is a Self Pity Poem line 2 states he feels alone. Line 3 and 4 states that he feels anger and abandoned. Line 5 - line7 states that he wishes to be like someone with a better life.

Compare & Contrast:
How is this sonnet different from Sonnet 18?

-Sonnet 18 talks about his beloved. Sonnet 29 talks about his state of mind and when he thinks of this he thinks about his beloved. Then everything seems fine.

Analytical Question:
What changes the speaker’s mood? What do you think are the speaker’s strongest feelings in this sonnet?

-When the speaker thinks about his beloved the speaker mood changes. The speakers strongest feelings is that even through he finds the thoughts despising he just thinks about his beloved then he feels better.

Literary Analysis:
What literary techniques/devices are evident in Sonnet 29?

-Simile, Imagery

Research On William Shakespeare

Research the following on William Shakespeare, note it in your notebooks, and remember to cite your sources: Birth, Birthplace ,Education, Died. Research the Elizabethan Period: What was going on during that period. Highlight what you think the main points are of the period.What are his famous works or most famous work?

William Shakespeare was born on April 23, 1564 in Stratford- Upon- Avon in Warwickshire. William Shakespeare had very little education it was said that he was likely to have been educated at a Grammar School in Stratford. From the age of six or seven until he was fourteen years old. After Grammar school he was to attend a University but failed to attend due to his father's financial problems. William Shakespeare died on April 23, 1616 in Statford.

The Elizabethan Period was associated with Queen Elizabeth I's regin from 1558-1603. This was also refereed to as the Golden Age. This was the height of English Renaissance. This was when English poetry and Literature began. It was also the age of exploration and expansion.

Some of William Shakespeare's famous works are Romero & Juliet, Hamlet, Macbeth, Much Ado About Nothing, Othello, Tempest and his Sonnets.

Sources:
1) www.springfield.k12.il.us/school/springfield/el/shakespeareBig.html
2) www.shakespeare.palomar.edu/timeline/timeline.html
3) www.william-shakespeare.org.uk/education-of-william-shakepeare.html


Sept. 4-5

Aim: Who likes Shakespeare why or why not?

Procedure: Teacher will give students handout and read aloud Sonnet 18.

Do Now: Students will read along and annotate.
Answer the following questions on the handout.

Comprehension Check:
What is being described in the sonnet?
- There love will go on no matter how short it is.

Identify literary techniques or devices?
- Metaphor, First Person, Imagery

What is the rhyme scheme of the sonnet?
Indicate the rhyme scheme at the end of each line.
1. Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? a
2. Thou art more lovely and more temperate: b
3. Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, a
4. And summer's lease hath all too short a date: b
5. Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, c
6. And often is his gold complexion dimmed, d
7. And every fair from fair sometime declines, c
8. By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed: d
9. But thy eternal summer shall not fade, e
10. Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st, f
11. Nor shall death brag thou wand'rest in his shade, e
12. When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st, f
13. So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, g
14. So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. g

How many lines are in this sonnet?
- 14 lines

Critical thinking:
What is this sonnet about?
-The love will last
What is the theme of this sonnet?
-Love (eternal), How beauty last, and love is kindness.

Paraphrase the sonnet line by line as you would to a friend. You can paraphrase it using slangs, spanglish, abbreviated spellings etc.
1) Should I compare you to a summer's day
2) You're lovely and calm
3)Obstalces may put you down
4)There is not enough days
5)You're so beautiful
6)But sometimes you may lose value
7)Love may not last
8)Our course can't be determined
9)There love will not change
10)Not lose how pretty they are
11)Death is not a problem
12)After death we still be together
13)As long as man can breathe and see
14)As long as this love lives.

On Handout: Write your definition of a sonnet on your handout.
-A sonnet is a 14 lined poem that has several rhyme schemes.

Thursday, September 18, 2008

My Sonnet

For the next 14 days you will complete your sonnet. Start by giving your sonnet a title, then write the first line Due tomorrow. You will leave a working copy for me and keep one in your journals. Of course your Sonnet must closely mimic Shakespeare’s. Have Fun with this.

Fall Begins Again
1.As all great things come to an end a
2.Children return for a brand new school year b
3.New teachers, classes and a brand new friend a
4.When its all over everyone shall cheer b
5.But for now we must wait for a while c
6.As we wait there will be new adventures d
7.Writing, Reading and others in denial c
8.Many stay near while others start their departures d
9.Everyone must change their schedules e
10.Long hours of studying and homework f
11.No time to hang out so we must schedule e
12.Nonstop assignments, so busy with work f
13.Once again all great things will begin g
14.All the children will have the biggest grin g


Work of Spring 2008

Click here for Spring 2008